Penmark Castle

There’s not a lot to see at this site, but it must once have been quite impressive: this was typical of the many small castles built in this part of Wales after the Norman conquest to maintain control by local lords, but which fell out of use. Penmark Castle was built in the 12^th century, overlooking a natural ravine carved by the Waycock River. Originally built in wood by Gilbert de Umfraville, it was rebuilt in stone in the 13^th century. It passed into the ownership of Oliver de St John when he married the family heiress, Elizabeth Umfraville, in the time of Edward II. First documented in 1307, it was recorded as ruinous by 1622. According to the entry in the Topographical Dictionary of Wales (1849), it was ruined in the early 1400s during Owain Glyndwr’s revolt. The remains lie just behind Penmark Church; somewhat overgrown, they comprise a 13^th century wall around 1m thick around an oval courtyard area, 58m long by 40m wide, with one circular stone tower intact and the indications of a second. The stone tower has a square latrine block attached. Within the courtyard area are traces of other buildings, including a ruined late 18^th century barn. To the west is an outer court with a thinner 16^th century wall. To the east are the remains of a filled-​in moat and mounds. It is best viewed in winter when the vegetation has died back.